Top 10 Programming Languages to Learn in 2022
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Top 10 Programming languages to Learn in 2022
In this modern era, technology has become a part of our daily lives and transforming the way we live. One of the core concepts behind this evolving technology is programming languages. A few years ago there were only a few people who had the skill to develop software with the help of programming languages but the current scenario has changed. In the beginning days of technological advancements, the need for software development was confined to a limited area, but this is not the case anymore with the present modern IT world.
Nowadays many IT jobs require strong programming skills in one or more languages. The U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that there is going to be 21 percent growth for the programming professionals from 2018 to 2028. The average salary paid to a programming professional is also high compared to all other IT and non-IT jobholders. There are multiple programming languages available in the market and each one is specialized in some or other fields.
There are multiple questions that flash into your mind before choosing a programming language which includes language complexity, your prior experience, the reason for learning a language to help you in choosing the perfect programming language for your career, we have created a list of top programming languages in 2022. We have presented clear data about each programming language which helps you in choosing the right learning path for you.
List of Top 10 Programming languages to Learn in 2022
1. Python Programming Language
Even though the Python language has been developed after Java it has gained huge popularity with its modern features. Within no time it has become the widely used programming language of today’s IT world. Python is an open-source programming language with advanced support. It consists of powerful features such as easy integrations with web services, great community support, GUI-based desktop applications, user-friendly data structures, and much more. Python is a widely-used programming language for modern technologies like deep learning and machine learning. It also supports a wide range of developments in 2D imaging and advanced animation packages like Inkscape, Blender, and Autodesk.
Python has become the first choice for developing video games which include Vegas Trike, Civilization IV, and Toontown. It has been used by popular websites like YouTube, Pinterest, Quora, and Instagram. Python is used for rapid application development, for building data science applications, etc. When it comes to the learning aspect, Python is very easy and simple to learn. It’s easy syntax and high readability has made it simple to learn. You are not required to write longer lines of code as we do in many other programming languages.
1.1 Advantages of Python Programming language
- It is very easy to create and use objects and classes
- Focuses on the readability of code
- Excellent library support
- Easy to scale even with the complex applications
- Free and Open source
- Advanced and fast-growing community support
- Best suitable for building prototypes and easy to test ideas
- Supports a large number of systems and platforms.
- Simple to use and easy to learn
1.2 Disadvantages of Python Programming language
- It is not apt for developing mobile applications
- Global Interpreter Lock has made its threading g bit compromised.
- The database access layer still need some advancements
1.3 Salary for Python Developer
The recent statistics of Indeed job portal shows that the average salary earned by a Python developer in the United States is $119030 per annum.
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1.4 Python Use cases
Python has become part of the modern technological advancement and is used in almost all the advanced applications. Python is being used in modern applications such as data science, artificial intelligence, developing advanced platforms, etc. It has also been extensively used for advancements in a wide range of industries which include, retail banking, aerospace, insurance, business services, finance, etc.
2. R Programming Language
R is one of the popular, open-source programming languages of today’s software world. This language is specialized in statistical computing and is used by the statisticians and data miners for data analysis and development of statistical software. R programming language is primarily written in Fortran, C, and R itself. It ranks at the 9th position in the TIOBE Index for popular programming languages. R comes with advanced built-in libraries and powerful frameworks that help in developing powerful machine learning algorithms.
The demand for data processing and analysis has created a huge demand for statistical computation. Companies across the globe are depending on the data insights for taking better and more informed decisions. It is expected that there is going to be a huge shift in the number of jobs available for the R programming Professionals. Companies ranging from small scale to global corporations are leveraging the R programming language capabilities to analyze ever-growing business data. R is a bit difficult to learn compared to many other languages.
2.1 Advantages of R Programming language
- It is highly flexible and runs on all types of operating systems.
- Best community support
- As it is an open-source software it becomes easy to make any customizations as per the requirements.
- Fully developed statistical analysis language.
- Powerful package ecosystem
- Highly extensible
2.2 Disadvantages of R Programming language
- Poor security standards
- No strict guidelines for programming guidelines
- Some packages are falling low in terms of quality
- Poor standards for memory management
2.3 Salary for R Programmer
According to the o Indeed job portal, the average salary received by an R programmer in the US ranges between $75,294 to $124,155 per annum.
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2.4 R Programming use-cases
The Deployment of R programming language and R professionals is increasing day by day. R programming language is widely used for the most in-demand applications like Data Science projects, Machine learning, and statistical computing.
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3. JavaScript Programming Language
JavaScript is Omnipresent in Modern Web Development. JavaScript is abbreviated as JS, it is the most popular high-level just-in-time compiled programming language with built-in first-class functions. JavaScript is one of the most prominent technologies of the World Wide Web (WWW).
This Scripting language was first released in 1996, alongside it also provides initial support for HTML and CSS. JavaScript plays a vital role in web application development and it also enables you to design and develop interactive web pages. Most of the web developers use JavaScript in most of the websites for client-side page behavior. Nowadays JavaScript is also embedded in a variety of applications and many servers via Node.js.
JavaScript is the trendy and the most-used scripting language in GitHub and its graph keeps on increasing in upcoming years. If you are aiming to become a web developer then learning JavaScript is very useful to build your standard skills in web development.
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JavaScript is the only programming language supported by web browsers natively. The surging popularity of JavaScript is showing the increasing need for web developers. JavaScript is very simple and easy to learn compared to other programming languages like Ruby, C++, etc.
3.1 Advantages of JavaScript Programming language
- JavaScript is highly popular
- Compared to other programming languages, JavaScript is simple and easy to learn.
- Supported by other programming languages like PHP, Perl, etc.
- JavaScript programming provides enhanced speed because it runs within the client’s browser.
- Simplicity
- JavaScript provides rich interfaces
- Versatility and Extended Functionality
- Reduces Server Load
3.2 Diadvantages of JavaScript Programming language
- Poor Browser Support
- Client-side Security issues
3.3 Salary for JavaScript Developer
As per the recent statistics of Indeed job portal, the average salary offered for a JavaScript Developer is $116709 per annum in the United States.
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3.4 JavaScript Use Cases
JavaScript has become the most prominent scripting language in the current era. JavaScript programming is mainly used in building and developing web applications, server applications, games, presentations, and digital art.
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4. Java Programming Language
Java is the most popular object-oriented programming language designed by James Gosling the creator of Java at Sun Microsystems in 1995. It is owned and developed by Oracle. Java is going to remain as the most popular and top-notch development platform for developers and enterprises. This class-based programming language’s intention is to allow application developers to write once read anywhere.
As per GitHub statistics, Java is the most prominent programming language for building client-server web applications. According to IEEE, Java is the second most popular language in the modern software world. Java 15 is the latest version, released in September 2020. Java Programming overcomes the drawbacks of C programming. Most of the Applets, mobile, and web applications are coded in Java.
According to Oracle, 3 billion devices run on Java. Java Programming is easy to learn and its syntax is similar to C++ and C. All the Java Applications are usually compiled to bytecode and can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) irrespective of computer architecture. Java is the top programming used in the Android Mobile Application Development market.
The future scope of Java learners, Java developers is very broad and will shine brightly because the trend for Java programming will increase. Individuals who learn Java courses will get a good number of job opportunities. Java programming language has inbuilt security features to prevent malicious practices.
4.1 Advantages of Java Programming language
- Platform-Independent
- Simple and easy to learn
- Object-Oriented
- Code reusability
- Robust and Portable
4.2 Disadvantages of Java Programming language
- Very Complex Codes
- Takes much time to run codes compared to other languages that result in poor performance
- Low-level programming is not supported
- Slower and memory-consuming
- Hardware is very expensive
4.3 Salary for Java Developer
According to Indeed.com, the average salary provided for a Java Developer is $104629 per annum in the United States.
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4.4 Java Use Cases
Java is the most in-demand programming language in the current world. Java is used in various sectors. Java Programming is widely used in various applications like Automobiles, Big Data Technologies, Android Apps, Optical Sensors, Embedded Systems, etc.
5. PHP Programming Language
PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor but originally it is abbreviated as Personal Home Page. The Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) was created by Rasmus Lerdorf programmer in 1994. PHP is an open-source general-purpose scripting language well-suited for web development. This is also known as the most prominent tool and a server-side scripting language used for making interactive and dynamic web pages.
PHP also allows web developers to create and design dynamic web content that interacts with databases. The just-in-time compilation is supported in PHP 8 by which the substantial performance for some websites will be improved. The latest version PHP 8 is going to be released in November 2020.
PHP is well suitable for small and medium scale businesses. PHP is also platform-independent and case sensitive. PHP is also simple and very easy to learn a language when compared to others because it’s syntax is similar to that of Pascal language or C. The processing speed is very high so it provides accurate outputs in time.
There are a growing number of job opportunities for aspirants who wish to build their career in web development by learning PHP courses. There are many companies that come with PHP projects and this inturn increases their recruitment in this particular field as compared to other programmers.
5.1 Advantages of PHP Programming language
- Open-source and Extensible
- Simple and easy to learn
- Cost-effective
- Good compatibility and integrity
- Effective use of databases
- Fastest programming
- Performs Effective unit testing
5.2 Disadvantages of PHP Programming language
- Programmers need to learn more about PHP frameworks
- Faulty error handling
5.3 Salary for PHP Developer
The recent statistics of the neuvoo job portal predicts that the average salary offered to a PHP developer is $89,730 per annum in the United States.
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5.4 PHP Use Cases
6. C# Programming Language
C# is the multi-paradigm, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language used for developing web services, web applications, and desktop applications. C# programming plays a vital role in game development. C# was developed by Microsoft in 2000 and it was designed by Anders Hejlsberg and his development team. Initially, it was a .NET initiative then later it was approved by the international standard by ISO in 2003 and ECMA in 2002.
C# is also known as C Sharp and it is considered as one of the most prominent programming languages designed for Common Language Infrastructure (CLI). C# encompasses object-oriented, strong typing, imperative, generic, lexically scoped programming disciplines.
C# programming enables many developers to build robust and secure applications that run in the .NET Ecosystem. Syntactically C# is very much similar to Java programming and it is easy for the users to learn who has a basic knowledge of C++, C, and Java. C# overcomes many complexities of C++ by its powerful features like Direct memory access, nullable types, lambda expressions, and enumerations.
All the C# programs run on Windows integral components called .NET. spirants who choose C# as their choice will have a bright future because C# professionals can develop and work on a variety of applications. No doubt that learning C# is always a good idea and helps you build a successful future ahead.
6.1 Advantages of C# Programming language
- Object-Oriented
- Good interoperability and integrity
- Presence of Garbage Collector
- Easy to deploy
- Rich Libraries
- Scalable and Type-safe
- Backward Compatibility
6.2 Disdvantages of C# Programming language
- C# is less flexible
- Completely based on the .NET framework
- Runs Slowly
6.3 Salary for C# Developer
According to Indeed statistics, the average salary offered to a C# developer is around $78,398 per annum in the United States.
6.4 C# Use Cases
C# programming is prominently used for developing various Windows applications, Console applications, Client-server applications, Class libraries, etc.
7. C++ Programming Language
C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented, multi-paradigm, event functional, and procedural programming language. It was designed by Bjarne Stroustrup and standardized by ISO. C++ is the extension of the C language with added features. C++ provides various ways for the programmers to have high-level control over system memory and resources.
Basically, C++ is a middle-level programming language that helps programmers to code faster and it provides rich library support. C++ is the first object-oriented programming language that came into use. C++ programming is used for developing games and applications. This language is very secure and safe because of its key features and C++ is compatible with multiple software and platforms.
C++ programming is popularly used to develop games, operating systems browsers, and many more. By learning C++ you will get a clear idea about object-oriented programming so this will help you learn Java programming very easily. C++ programming is complex so it’s a little harder to learn. There will be a bright future for the C++ professionals because they will be good at other programming languages. The demand for C++ developers increases constantly in the IT market because it is found everywhere in various industries.
7.1 Advantages of C++ Programming language
- Highly Portable and Scalable
- General-purpose and low-level programming language
- C++ is compatible
- Code Reusability
- Provides memory efficiency and high performance
- Multi-paradigm and object-oriented
7.2 Disadvantages of C++ Programming language
- Platform Dependent
- Security Issues
- Built-in threads are not supported
- Lack of garbage collector
- Complex and hard
7.3 Salary for C++ Developer
As of the Indeed job portal, the average salary offered for a C++ developer is $102991 per annum in the United States.
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7.3 C++ Use Cases
C++ is a multi-paradigm, object-oriented programming language used in embedded device programming and game programming. C++ programming is used in various industries and it is also used in developing GUI applications, Operating systems, Banking applications, Browsers, Embedded systems, Databases, and many more.
8. Scala Programming Language
Scala is an open-source, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language. Scala general-purpose programming first appeared in the year 2004 and it was designed by Martin Odersky. Scala provides extended support for both functional programming and object-oriented programming. Scala is also the most popular language, the same as that of Java. The best thing about Scala is it is interoperable with Java as it runs on JVM. Scala is statistically typed and dynamic and it provides type inference for functions and variables.
Scala programming is used in Big Data Space. Scala has a very concise syntax. The emerging trend for Scala programming keeps on rising. There are several job opportunities for Scala learners as a fresher as well as for Scala professionals. Choosing Scala as your choice to learn will help you build your bright career.
8.1 Advantages of Scala Programming language
- Functional and Object-oriented
- Lightweight, concise, and simple Syntax
- Good Type System
- Extended IDE Support
- Scalable
8.2 Disadvantages of Scala Programming language
- A bit harder to understand type information
- Tail Recursive Optimization is not possible
- Developer Pool is limited
- Backward Incompatibility
8.3 Salary for Scala Developer
According to the neuvoo job portal, the average salary offered for a Scala Developer is $175500 per annum in the United States.
8.3 Scala Use Cases
Scala Programming is used in a variety of applications. The Scala language is majorly used for functional programming, building web applications, and dealing with large volumes of data in Machine Learning.
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9. SWIFT Programming Language
Swift is a general-purpose compiled programming language developed and owned by Apple INC. Within a short span of period, it has acquired huge popularity and grabbed the place in the TIOBE Index for the top 10 programming languages for the year 2017.
Swift programming language is mainly developed to replace Apple’s prior programming language object C because it has very low modern features and we are unable to fulfill the modern requirements. Swift programming language specially designed for developing applications for Mac systems, apple watches, mobiles, iPad, etc.
If you wish to develop applications for Apple devices, Swift is the best programming language to start with. Like many popular and modern programming languages, Swift runs code fastly, has a highly readable syntax, and supports both server-side and client-side development. Increased usage of Apple products such as Mac, mobile devices, apple watch, Apple TV, Apple iPod has created a huge demand for this programming language. Actually, you only require very low code in order to write programs in Swift.
9.1 Advantages of Swift Programming language
- Automatic memory management
- High scalability
- Backed by Apple
- Easy customization process
- Simple and readable code
- Interpretable with Objective-C
- Server-side swift can easily integrate with any technology
- The development process and code sharing are faster for both frontend and backend development.
- Comes with fast programming capability compared to other programming languages.
9.2 Disadvantages of Swift Programming language
- A bit unstable because of the new arrival.
- Limited resources and community support.
- It can be applied only for iOS7 and later apps.
9.3 Salary for Swift Programmer
The average salary earned by a Swift programmer is around $92,000 per annum.
9.3 Swift use cases
Swift programming language majorly developed to design and build applications for iOS and macOS applications.
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10. KOTLIN
Kotlin is a cross-platform, general-purpose, and statistically typed programming language. It has been designed to fully interoperate with Java. In 2017 Google declared that the Kotlin programming language is its priority language for developing android applications. Kotlin has grabbed its position in the list of top programming languages with its unique features such as concise code, highly interoperable, Open-source, highly trustable, feature-rich, less error-prone, etc.
If you have a basic idea of Java, then learning Kotlin will become a cakewalk for you. Both Kotlin, as well as Java, are interoperable so you can use them together for handling all types of projects and to build applications. Kotlin Syntax is very concise compared to Java.
10.1 Advantages of Kotlin Programming language
- Concise code
- Solves more complex developer challenges
- Easy to adopt
- Fully compatible with Java
- No runtime overhead
- Strong community support
- Best suitable for multi-platform development
- Highly secure environment
10.2 Job openings for Kotlin
- Fluctuations in compilation speed
- A very few resources available for learning
10.3 Salary for Kotlin Developer
According to Zip-recruiter.com the average salary received by a Kotlin professional is $127,541 in the United States.
10.3 Kotlin Use Cases
Kotlin is a highly flexible programming language and can be used for both server-side as well as client-side development. It also supports a wide range of platforms which include iOS, macOS, embedded systems, etc.
Conclusion
There are some professionals who wish to master a single programming language and there are others too who wish to learn new languages to stay on top of this changing landscape. There are hundreds of programming languages available in the market but the above-stated ones are the widely used programming languages by many organizations. The type of software you wish to build is one of the major considerations for choosing the right programming language. Choose the right programming language to build a successful career.
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